Directional distance functions: Optimal endogenous directions

Optimal Directions for Directional Distance Functions: An Exploration of Potential Reductions of Greenhouse Gases

This study explores the reduction potential of greenhouse gases for major pollution emitting countries of the world using nonparametric productivity measurement methods and directional distance functions. In contrast to the existing literature we apply optimization methods to endogenously determine optimal directions for the efficiency analysis. These directions represent the compromise of outp...

Using Directional Distance Functions to Determine Ranking Ranges in Cross-efficiency Evaluations

Considering Pilot Protection in the Optimal Coordination of Distance and Directional Overcurrent Relays

The aim of the relay coordination is that protection systems detect and isolate the faulted part as fast and selective as possible. On the other hand, in order to reduce the fault clearing time, distance protection relays are usually equipped with pilot protection schemes. Such schemes can be considered in the distance and directional overcurrent relays (D&DOCRs) coordination to achieve faster ...

Optimal Coordination of Distance and Directional Overcurrent Relays Considering Different Network Topologies

Most studies in relay coordination have focused solely on coordination of overcurrent relays while distance relays are used as the main protection of transmission lines. Since, simultaneous coordination of these two types of relays can provide a better protection, in this paper, a new approach is proposed for simultaneous coordination of distance and directional overcurrent relays (D&DOCRs). Al...

Directional Distance Functions and Rate-of-Return Regulation

This paper is concerned with formulating directional distance functions assuming that firms operate subject to rate-of-return regulation. To this end, we consider two different contexts. First, we assume that input prices are known, which allows us to extend the rate of return regulated version of Farrell efficiency. Secondly, we assume that input prices are unknown, showing then that a specifi...